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⚡ 绿色能源与节能环保科研进展

华中农业大学揭示亚热带流域遗留磷迁移机制与动态管理框架

完成机构
研究领域
发布时间
2026-06-15

💡这项突破是什么?

南湖新闻网讯(通讯员 操云飞)近日,我校资源与环境学院史志华教授团队以 “Coupling hydrological connectivity with environmental thresholds for targeted legacy phosphorus management in subtropical watersheds”为题,发表于环境科学领域期刊Environmental Science & Technology。研究团队集成多源数据融合、地理空间分析及可解释机器学习等方法,揭示了复杂环境下的磷素迁移机理,在亚热带流域遗留磷迁移规律与精准治理研究领域取得重要进展。

磷素既是保障全球粮食安全不可或缺的有限战略资源,又是驱动流域水体富营养化的关键因子。长期高强度农业生产与人类活动导致大量磷素在土壤和沉积物中累积,形成存量巨大的“遗留磷”。遗留磷污染具有极强的滞后性与持续性,即便外源磷输入大幅削减,遗留磷仍可随降雨、径流及环境变化持续活化释放,成为水体污染久治不愈的根源。与此同时,全球磷矿资源日益枯竭,遗留磷的无效释放不仅造成水生态危机,更意味着对战略性不可再生资源的巨大浪费,形成“环境负担”与“资源流失”的双重困境。

目前,学界尚未厘清气候因子、水文连通性与遗留磷迁移的耦合响应机制,缺乏动态化、精准化的管控体系,传统静态治理模式难以兼顾水质保护与资源利用双重需求。团队通过整合长期磷输入、水文气象、水质监测和土地利用等数据,融合地理空间分析与可解释机器学习方法,系统揭示了遗留磷的迁移规律与气候临界调控机制。研究首次量化出亚热带流域遗留磷存在10年以上的超长滞后响应周期,其贡献占流域总磷输出通量的80%以上,是河流磷污染的主要来源;同时精准识别出调控“水文连通性-遗留磷”关系的降水阈值(95% CI: 0.503-0.509)与地表温度阈值(95% CI: 0.285-0.287),厘清了降水与温度通过动态调控水文连通性、驱动遗留磷迁移释放的非线性机制,为流域磷污染治理从“静态溯源”转向“动态预判”提供了科学依据。

基于上述发现,研究团队创建了面向遗留磷治理的“识别—诊断—行动”动态水文连通性管理框架,使流域管理者可依据实时水文连通性状态和气候条件,精准识别遗留磷释放重点区域、预判磷输移风险并动态优化管控措施。该研究为亚热带流域遗留磷污染的长期管理提供了全新思路,直接支撑联合国可持续发展目标SDG 6(清洁饮水和卫生设施)与SDG 14(水下生物)的实现,对全球非点源污染控制、水文建模及可持续水资源管理具有重要参考价值。

博士研究生操云飞和硕士研究生张闯为论文的共同第一作者,王玲副教授和史志华教授为论文通讯作者,博士研究生郝芮参与了研究。该研究得到国家自然科学基金项目资助。

流域遗留磷“识别—诊断—行动”管理框架

【英文摘要】Legacy phosphorus (P) stored in soils from historical human activities can be remobilized under changing hydrological conditions, undermining water quality management and causing delayed pollution impacts. However, current management strategies lack the evaluation of legacy dynamics and the consideration of spatiotemporal lags, which limits the effectiveness of pollution control. In this study, we developed a novel management framework by integrating hydrological connectivity with interpretable machine learning. Using the aggregated index of connectivity, we elucidate how hydrological connectivity governs legacy P transport and identify environmental thresholds that modulate this relationship. Results revealed a phosphorus transport lag of more than 10 years in the Xiangjiang River Basin, with legacy P contributing more than 80% of the total phosphorus flux. Agricultural areas with high connectivity values were identified as primary sources of legacy P, whereas forested areas with low connectivity values temporarily retained phosphorus but posed sudden-release risks. We further found that precipitation and ground surface temperature were key environmental factors with critical thresholds influencing the relative importance of hydrological connectivity in driving legacy P transport. Accordingly, we propose a dynamic, threshold-based management framework incorporating hydrological connectivity and environmental drivers to guide the targeted mitigation of long-term legacy P impacts across subtropical watersheds.

论文链接:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c15335