Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences：基于阀金属电解的薄膜/涂层印刷机（塞尔维亚）

20250327

高端装备与制造

The Thin-Film/Coating Printer represents a breakthrough in electrochemical deposition technology. Unlike conventional methods that require full immersion of metal components in electrolyte baths, this innovation utilizes a novel electrolytic cell design that enables localized and selective coating formation directly on metal surfaces. This approach significantly reduces chemical consumption and operational costs while enhancing environmental sustainability. Key Capabilities: The localized application of electrochemical coatings enables: · In-situ repair of electrochemical coatings on industrial components · Creation of luminescent sensor coating patches · Direct printing of coatings onto metal surfaces Revolutionizing Coating Repair Electrochemical barrier coatings are known for their superior adhesion, mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. However, until now, applying or repairing such coatings required full immersion in large electrolyte baths and the use of high-power supplies. This traditional approach is costly, time-consuming, and environmentally unsustainable, as it demands vast amounts of chemicals and large-scale equipment. Currently, no commercially available technology offers electrochemical deposition with localized application capabilities. Repairs necessitate repeating the original coating process—an expensive and inefficient solution that also requires the electrolyte bath to be larger than the part itself. This invention eliminates these limitations with its innovative electrolytic cell, which enables localized coating repair without full immersion. Instead of using hundreds or thousands of liters of electrolyte, this system can repair coatings with as little as 100 mL. Instead of high-power industrial supplies, it requires only 100 mA of current. Furthermore, on-site repairs are now possible, eliminating the need for removing, transporting, and reinstalling components—saving time, costs, and logistics. Proven Results: Using this technology, coatings were successfully repaired in just 10 minutes, with 100 mA of current and 100 mL of alkaline electrolyte, a stark contrast to conventional immersion-based repairs performed by companies like ICS Steel Latvia and Keronite UK. Advanced Luminescent Sensor Coatings Current luminescent coatings for sensing applications rely on mixing luminescent powders with binders and spraying them onto metal surfaces. However, this method suffers from poor adhesion, high surface roughness, weak thermal contact, and environmental instability, limiting its practical use. With this invention, sensor coatings exhibit superior stability, uniformity, and enhanced thermal contact with the substrate. This highly uniform and stable luminescent sensor patch can be applied in under 10 minutes, overcoming the limitations of existing solutions from ONERA (France) and Sensor Coating Systems (UK), which rely on powder and binder-based methods. High-Contrast QR Code Printing on Metal Currently, QR codes on metal surfaces are produced by:

1. Painting, which results in unstable coatings
2. Laser ablation, which damages the metal surface and produces low-contrast markings This invention is pioneering a method for directly applying durable oxide coatings in the shape of QR codes. These coatings offer exceptional stability (as the oxide layer is among the world’s hardest materials, second only to diamond) while maintaining high contrast. A proof of concept has been developed, and further refinements are underway. Direct Metal Surface Printing – A Single-Step Process High-durability coatings, such as those used by Mantel DataPrint, currently require a multi-step process involving:
3. Acidic anodization in an electrolyte bath
4. Inkjet printing onto the porous anodized layer
5. Sealing via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) in an alkaline bath This process is time-consuming and expensive. In contrast, this invention enables direct metal surface printing in a single step, using significantly less electrolyte and reducing processing time. Technological Advantages Compared to traditional methods, this system offers: · Up to 99% reduction in electrolyte consumption · Coating application in under 10 minutes · Adhesion strengths exceeding 20 MPa · Temperature resistance up to 1200°C · Automation-friendly design, integrating pumping, electrolyte cooling, and robotic arm-controlled application Traditional electrochemical methods are difficult and expensive to automate, but this technology streamlines the process, making automated precision coating feasible. Industry Impact This innovation has broad applications across aerospace, automotive, industrial maintenance, and security sectors, where localized, high-performance coatings are essential. By improving coating precision, reducing waste, and offering a scalable, efficient solution, it aligns with global sustainability goals and has the potential to become a new industry standard. Conclusion The Thin-Film/Coating Printer based on Electrolysis of Valve Metals is a game-changing advancement in electrochemical coating applications. By combining efficiency, precision, and environmental responsibility, this technology redefines the possibilities of electrochemical deposition, offering a cost-effective, scalable, and sustainable alternative to conventional methods.-The patent search confirmed that there are no existing patented devices similar to this invention, eliminating the risk of intellectual property infringement. However, luminescent QR codes are already patented, meaning their application will need to align with the existing patent. There are no intellectual property risks associated with sensor coatings, repair applications, or standard QR code printing.

The ongoing research into QR code application presents a minor risk, as it may prove difficult to achieve sufficiently small codes with sharp edges comparable to those produced by other methods. In terms of printing, there may be limitations on the number and types of colors that can be used for these coatings. Additionally, the slow adoption of the PEO process in industry could impact the invention’s commercial significance and practical applications.

A potential risk also lies in team dynamics, as personnel changes are always possible. However, apart from the principal investigator, other team members can be replaced if necessary without significantly affecting the project's progress.

The prototype of the thin-film/coating printer has been fully developed and tested in a laboratory environment, reaching Technology Readiness Level 4 (TRL4). The invention has been designed in three different versions: one for manual application, another for integration with a large industrial robotic arm, and a third featuring a small, versatile robotic arm. The shape and size of the coatings can be customized by changing the invention’s heads, which range from QR code applicators to narrow printing heads, large heads for repairs, and standard sensor patch applicators. All variations have been successfully tested on industrially relevant materials. The supporting technology is fully automated, with robotic arms controlled via a mobile phone application or PC using G-code and Mach3 software. The pumping, cooling, and stirring system is managed by an Arduino microcontroller with parameter inputs via a keyboard. The coating production process is streamlined and user-friendly, requiring only a few simple clicks for operation. The repair capabilities have been successfully demonstrated on a damaged coating on a large metal plate commonly used in industrial applications. Sensor coatings, specifically ruby-based coatings, were successfully applied to 7075 aluminum alloy, a material widely used in aerospace applications, and their properties were characterized as excellent. QR code coatings were successfully applied to aluminum plates but exhibited blurry edges, indicating the need for further refinement. Printing of coatings on aluminum was demonstrated, but additional research is required to improve color application for signage. Further work is also needed to develop phosphorescent coatings for night signage applications. With continued progress, the technology is expected to reach TRL5, demonstrating its performance in an industrially relevant environment. A patent for the invention is currently pending. The original research was funded by the Innovation Fund of the Republic of Serbia, starting with a prototype for manual application that initially produced only crude proof-of-concept coatings. Sensor coating samples are currently undergoing testing at the ONERA aerospace research laboratory, and negotiations are underway with ICS Steel regarding potential applications for PEO coating repair.

知识产权情况： 专利 成果权属： 其他 知识产权描述： Patent for the invention is pending, VINS is the patent owner. 该技术潜在应用场景及目标客户： Electrochemical coatings, despite their superior stability, inevitably sustain damage over time. In large-scale facilities such as aerospace and automotive industries, this invention enables on-site repairs, offering a more ecological, economical, and efficient alternative. In many cases, repairs can be performed without even removing the damaged part from the device. Another potential use case is within facilities that apply electrochemical coatings, where the invention provides a far more cost-effective and environmentally friendly repair solution compared to traditional methods, which require immersing parts in large electrolyte baths.

Optical sensors are widely used in aerospace and automotive industries, particularly for research applications. These sectors would benefit significantly from sensor coatings produced by this invention, as they offer superior surface uniformity, smoothness, and extended temperature resistance compared to currently available solutions.

QR codes on metal surfaces are used across various manufacturing industries, particularly in sectors that produce metal parts. This invention presents an alternative method for generating more durable and higher-contrast QR codes which could be an attractive solution for manufacturers looking to improve code longevity and readability.

Industries involved in electrochemical sign printing on aluminum plates would also benefit, especially when producing simpler signage designs where cost reduction and shorter production times are critical factors.

Beyond the direct applications, this invention offers a new business opportunity for robotics and 3D printer manufacturers. Since the system can be easily integrated with existing robotic arms and printing platforms, these companies could upscale and mass-produce the technology, expanding its reach and commercial viability. 产品形态： 工业产品 产品描述： The Thin-Film/Coating Printer based on Electrolysis of Valve Metals has moved beyond concept development and is now a functional prototype. The system enables localized electrochemical coating without full immersion, making it more efficient and sustainable than conventional methods. The design is highly adaptable, allowing for different coating geometries, compositions, and applications by adjusting the cell opening, electrolyte composition, and deposition parameters. The product is engineered for precision, with a flexible end-cap ensuring tight adhesion to the substrate for controlled electrochemical reactions. It is modular and scalable, suitable for various metal surfaces, including curved geometries. The system is compatible with robotic arms and automated positioning, making it feasible for industrial integration. Its multi-functionality allows it to be used for printing luminescent sensors, repairing coatings, and creating security markings such as luminescent QR codes or printing of signs. While currently at the prototype stage, efforts are underway to optimize the design for commercial production. Industrial testing with potential partners will validate its real-world applications, while further improvements will enhance invention appeal. Intellectual property protection and commercialization strategies are also being pursued. This product introduces a novel approach to electrochemical surface treatments, significantly reducing chemical consumption and processing time while offering high precision and adaptability. It has the potential to redefine industrial coating applications by providing a customizable, efficient, and environmentally friendly solution.

合作方式： 提供技术咨询,技术联合研发,技术秘密转让,专利权转让 合作方式描述： The ideal way of cooperation for the Thin-Film/Coating Printer based on Electrolysis of Valve Metals depends on the needs and capabilities of the industrial partner. One approach is to provide technical consultancy services to companies interested in integrating the technology into their existing production lines. This would include process optimization, selection, and adaptation to specific industrial requirements.
A more involved option is joint R&D collaboration, where we work with a partner to scale up the invention for industrial application. This could include refining the prototype for mass production, integrating automation, and conducting industrial trials. Depending on the success of this stage, the cooperation could evolve into joint production, where both parties contribute expertise—our team providing the technological know-how, and the industrial partner ensuring manufacturing capabilities and market distribution.
For companies seeking direct control over the technology, we are also open to technology transfer agreements, including licensing, transfer of technical secrets, or full patent rights acquisition. This would allow a partner to commercialize the invention independently, with potential ongoing technical support from our team.
The cooperation model will be tailored based on the partner’s needs, ensuring a flexible and mutually beneficial collaboration that maximizes the invention’s industrial potential. 融资情况及需求： The Thin-Film/Coating Printer based on Electrolysis of Valve Metals is currently at the prototype stage, with successful laboratory validation. To transition into industrial application, the next phase requires investment in scaling, automation, and industrial testing.
The immediate financing needs focus on refining the design for large-scale production, optimizing the electrolytic cell, and integrating robotic automation for high-throughput applications. Additional resources are needed for material testing, industrial partnerships, and regulatory compliance, ensuring the technology meets industry standards.
Market value assessment indicates significant potential due to the cost savings, environmental benefits, and versatility of the invention. Unlike conventional electrochemical methods that require large-scale immersion baths, this technology reduces chemical consumption and allows localized coating, making it highly attractive to industries such as aerospace, automotive, and industrial maintenance.
Financing options could include R&D grants, venture capital, or industrial partnerships, depending on the preferred commercialization strategy. A licensing model could generate recurring revenue, while joint production with an industrial partner would enable direct market penetration. Given the growing demand for sustainable and precise surface treatment technologies, early investment in this invention could offer high returns and strategic market positioning in advanced manufacturing sectors.

1. Background of Technology R&D

The invention emerged from research at the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, focusing on coatings created via electrochemical methods. The principal researcher, Aleksandar Ćirić, has been investigating plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) for multifunctional applications. This research led to the development of an innovative electrolytic cell capable of selectively printing oxide coatings on metal surfaces without requiring full immersion in an electrolyte bath.

2. Application Segments and Technology Forms Application Segments: o Aerospace and automotive industries (temperature sensing coatings) o Industrial maintenance and manufacturing (repair of barrier coatings) o Security and authentication (superior QR codes, optionally luminescent) o Sign printing with more durable and ecological PEO coatings instead of paint. Technology Forms: o Electrochemical thin-film/coating printer using anodization and PEO o Customizable electrolytic cell with a localized deposition mechanism o Coatings with high adhesion, mechanical stability, and temperature resilience

3. Application Fields · Optical sensors (LT): Optical temperature/oxygen sensing using PEO coatings, eliminating the need for adhesives mixed with powder sensor particles. · Coating Repair: Localized repair of barrier oxide coatings without full immersion, reducing chemical waste, increasing repair speed and economy. · Security and Marking: High-durability (optionally luminescent) QR codes for anti-counterfeiting applications, labeling, or signage.

4. Problems Solved Inefficiency of Traditional Coating Methods: Conventional electrochemical deposition requires large electrolyte baths, making it impractical for large surfaces, and repairs are slow because they cannot be performed in situ. Low Adhesion in Alternative Methods: Current luminescent coatings use powders and binders, leading to poor adhesion, mechanical instability, and thermal contact issues. Environmental and Economic Concerns: Full immersion methods require large quantities of chemicals and equipment, whereas this invention significantly reduces waste and cost.

5. Advantages of the Technology Precision and Versatility: Enables direct electrochemical printing on metal surfaces, regardless of size. Superior Coating Properties: Coatings have stronger adhesion, better thermal contact, and improved mechanical resistance compared to traditional methods for sensors coatings. Eco-friendly and Cost-Effective: Uses minimal electrolyte and chemicals, aligning with Green Deal sustainability goals. Multi-functional: Can be used for printing- labeling, sensing, security, and repair applications in various industries.

6. Stages of Development Prototype Stage: The working prototype successfully repaired damaged coatings and created excellent luminescent sensor coatings and proved printing possibilities. Integration with robotic systems for automation results in that minimum viable product is almost reached. Industrial Testing Phase (Planned): Ongoing discussions with industry partners (ONERA, Sensor Coating Systems, ICS Steel) for field testing.

7. Awards & Recognition Patent pending. Scientific Contributions: Multiple high-impact journal publications on luminescent coatings and PEO. Industry Interest: Collaboration with aerospace and sensor companies for industrial validation. Technology Transfer Program Support: Submitted for funding and commercialization support via the Innovation Fund.

8. Team Influence Aleksandar Ćirić (Principal Researcher): Expert in luminescence sensors and electrochemical coatings. Miroslav D. Dramićanin (Professor): Renowned researcher in photonics and materials science. Željka Antić & Mina Medić (Co-researchers): Specialists in material characterization and electrochemical processes. A.Ć. and M.D.D. are listed on the Stanford list as the top 2% most cited researchers.。